Taking Charge: 术语表

在卵巢癌或乳腺癌的治疗过程中，你可能会遇到不熟悉的单词和短语. 我们致力于确保您了解有关您的诊断和护理所需的一切. 使用本指南查找您不认识的单词或短语. 记住, if someone on your care team says something you don't understand, please ask them to explain it.

a

抗氧化剂:某些食物中对抗氧对身体组织(氧化)造成损害的物质。
腹水: accumulation of fluid in the abdomen
非典型增生一种良性乳腺疾病，可增加患乳腺癌的风险

b

活组织检查: a procedure in which a tissue sample is taken. Types of breast 活组织检查 include fine need aspiration (FNA), 核心针, 立体定向, 外科手术, 切除
良性的:没有癌变
BRCA1, BRCA2与遗传性乳腺癌和卵巢癌有关的基因突变

c

钙化: mineral deposits within the breast tissue seen on mammograms
CA-125: a blood screening test sometimes used for 卵子rian cancer
化疗: treatment of cancer with drugs that kill tumor cells
克罗米酚柠檬酸盐一种生育药物，可能会增加患卵巢癌的风险
computed tomography (CT) scan: an X-ray examination sometimes used to diagnose cancer
囊肿一种充满液体的囊，可出现在乳房、卵巢和身体其他部位

d

解剖: 外科手术ly separating out certain tissues
性导管癌: breast cancer that arises in the milk ducts
ductogram: an X-ray examination of the milk duct
无性细胞瘤一种始于生殖细胞(产生卵子的细胞)的卵巢癌。

继续阅读

e

epithelial 卵子rian carcinoma:最常见的卵巢癌类型，由覆盖卵巢的细胞引起
雌激素卵巢和身体其他部位产生的主要女性荷尔蒙之一

f

纤维囊性的变化:在支撑乳房的结缔组织中形成充满液体的囊(囊肿)和疤痕

g

基因检测:检查血液或其他组织中的DNA以发现基因异常的测试
生殖细胞瘤:见生殖细胞异常瘤年级: a measure of how abnormal cancer cells look under a microsope
颗粒细胞瘤: a type of 卵子rian cancer originating in 雌激素-producing cells

h

激素替代疗法:绝经后服用补充雌激素和黄体酮来代替身体的天然激素
子宫切除术: 外科手术 rem卵子l of the uterus

i

原位: cancer that is confined to its place of origin and has not spread
渗透: cancer that has invaded nearby tissues
炎性乳腺癌: a rare, fast-growing breast cancer
浸润性癌扩散到周围组织和/或身体其他部位的癌症
未成熟畸胎瘤: a type of 卵子rian tumor that most often affects younger women
辐照: x线治疗

l

腹腔镜检查通过一个小切口插入一个微型望远镜状仪器对腹部进行检查
剖腹手术: a 外科手术 incision in the abdomen
小叶癌: breast cancer that starts in the lobular cells of the milk ducts
乳房肿瘤切除术切除肿瘤和周围组织边缘的乳腺癌手术
淋巴切除术:摘除淋巴结
淋巴水肿: swelling of the 淋巴结
淋巴结: small glands that filter a type of fluid (lymph) in the body
淋巴管: the small vessels that carry lymph

m

恶性:癌症
mammogram (screening or diagnostic): X-ray examination of the breast
magnetic resonance imaging (MRI): an imaging study that uses magnetic fields to show body tissue
乳房切除术:外科手术 rem卵子l of the breast. 乳房切除术的类型包括部分、全部、改良根治性和根治性
髓样癌: a rare type of breast cancer with little fibrous tissue in the tumor
更年期: cessation of the menstrual cycle
转移:传播. 转移是指癌细胞从起源点扩散.
死亡率: the number of deaths from a specific disease per 100,000 women
粘液癌一种罕见的乳腺癌，其细胞分泌黏性物质
突变: alteration of a normal gene

n

非侵入性癌症一种非常早期的癌症，尚未扩散到发病的组织类型之外

o

oophorectomy (unilateral and bilateral): rem卵子l of one or both 卵子ries
致癌基因: a cancer-causing gene, such as HER2
肿瘤学家(妇科)受过治疗女性生殖道癌症训练的十大赌博平台排行榜
卵子:鸡蛋
排卵: the process of releasing a mature egg from the 卵子ry

p

Paget's disease of the nipple一种罕见的乳腺癌，从乳腺导管扩散到乳头区域
触诊用手去感觉
叶状柄肿瘤一种罕见的乳腺肿瘤，形成于乳腺结缔组织(间质)。
孕酮一种女性荷尔蒙
预后:预期结果
proliferative breast disease without atypia: increased growth of normal-appearing breast cells
预防:预防
假肢乳房形状

r

放射治疗: treatment that uses X-rays to kill cancer cells
receptor positive, receptor negative:用于描述乳腺肿瘤是否具有雌性激素受体的术语

s

salpingectomy (unilateral and bilateral): rem卵子l of one or both fallopian tubes
支持- leydig细胞瘤: a type of 卵子rian tumor originating from hormone-producing cells
暂存:了解癌症的发病率，以及癌症是否已经扩散到身体的其他部位
基质:结缔组织
间质肿瘤: an 卵子rian cancer that starts in the connective tissue of the 卵子ry, where some female hormones are produced
存活率:在特定时期内疾病存活的病人百分比

t

经阴道超声通过阴道进行的超声检查，用于诊断卵巢癌
输卵管结扎手术: tying off the fallopian tubes to prevent pregnancy
管癌一种导管性乳腺癌，细胞分化良好，纤维组织(间质)被小管浸润

u

超声波(超声)一种利用高能声波显示身体组织的成像研究
未分化的: not differentiated, primitive, immature

w

线定位使用细导线帮助外科十大赌博平台排行榜对乳房的正确部位进行活检

Drugs Used in Cancer Treatment

AC联合化疗包括阿霉素和环磷酰胺
CMF:环磷酰胺、甲氨蝶呤、氟尿嘧啶联合化疗
CAF:环磷酰胺、阿霉素、氟尿嘧啶联合化疗
Cysplatin: a medication used to treat 卵子rian cancer
紫杉醇(紫杉醇)一种最初从紫杉树皮中提取的药物，用于治疗卵巢癌
雷洛昔芬一种药物，它能模仿雌激素在某些组织中的作用，并阻断其在其他组织中的作用
它莫西芬: an anti-雌激素 drug used to treat and prevent breast cancer